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ALL LEVELS・N1–N5
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4,256words (N1–N5 total)
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Filtered by N1・N3
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N1
紆余曲折
うよきょくせつ
A matter not progressing smoothly but going through a complicated course. Used as in 「紆余曲折を経て結論に至る」. A four-character compound originating from the image of a winding road, expressing situations in which arguments or plans proceed while changing many times.
AI-generated translation
N1
裏返す
うらがえす
Flipping something so that front and back are reversed. Also, looking at a matter from the opposite standpoint or perspective. Used as in 「服を裏返す」 or 「裏返して言えば」, both for physical reversal and for the reversal of viewpoint.
AI-generated translation
N3
裏切る
うらぎる
betray. To act against the expectations of someone who trusts you. Example: 「仲間を裏切る」 (to betray a companion). Also used to mean going against expectations, as in 「期待を裏切らない結果」 (a result that doesn't disappoint expectations).
AI-generated translation
N1
裏付け
うらづけ
Solid evidence or grounds showing that a claim or assumption is correct. Used as in 「裏付けを取る」 or 「発言の裏付けがない」. A formal word frequently appearing in news, investigations, and contexts of verifying facts.
AI-generated translation
N1
裏腹
うらはら
「裏」 refers to the back side and 「腹」 to the front side; from this contrast comes the meaning of an outward attitude or words being completely opposite to one's inner feelings. Used in expressions such as 「言葉とは裏腹に」 and 「気持ちとは裏腹に」, in situations where outward appearance contradicts true inner feelings.
AI-generated translation
N3
恨む
うらむ
resent. To keep feeling hatred toward someone who did something terrible. Example: 「裏切った友人を恨む」 (to resent a friend who betrayed them). The noun form is 「恨み」.
AI-generated translation
N3
羨ましい
うらやましい
envious. A feeling of wanting to be like someone when seeing their possessions or circumstances. Example: 「自由な生活が羨ましい」 (to envy a free lifestyle).
AI-generated translation
N1
羨む
うらやむ
Wishing one had the talent or circumstances that someone else has. Used as in 「他人の成功を羨む」 or 「恵まれた環境を羨む」. It can include a feeling close to envy, but it can also simply express feelings of admiration.
AI-generated translation
N3
売上
うりあげ
sales. The total amount of money earned by selling goods or services. Example: 「売上が伸びる」 (sales grow), 「年間売上」 (annual sales).
AI-generated translation
N1
潤い
うるおい
Having moisture or dampness and not being dry. Used as in 「肌の潤い」 or 「生活に潤いを与える」, expressing both physical moisture and the richness or comfort it brings to one's heart and daily life.
AI-generated translation
N1
潤す
うるおす
Providing moisture, benefits, or mental comfort to enrich what is dry or poor. Used as in 「のどを潤す」, 「懐を潤す」, or 「心を潤す」, for all forms of physical, economic, and mental fulfillment.
AI-generated translation
N1
うろうろ
うろうろ
A state of repeatedly moving back and forth in the same area without a purpose, or because one does not know where to go. Used as in 「駅前をうろうろする」 or 「見知らぬ街をうろうろする」, an adverb used in scenes of restless wandering.
AI-generated translation
N1
うろ覚え
うろおぼえ
A state in which memory is uncertain and cannot be recalled clearly. Used as in 「うろ覚えの話」 or 「うろ覚えで答える」. Expresses a state of remembering only vaguely in part, rather than having forgotten entirely.
AI-generated translation
N1
うろたえる
うろたえる
When facing a sudden event or unexpected situation, becoming flustered and confused, not knowing what to do. Used as in 「突然の質問にうろたえる」 in scenes of losing one's calm and composure.
AI-generated translation
N3
うわさ
うわさ
rumor. A story passed between people without knowing whether it is true. Example: 「うわさが広まる」 (a rumor spreads), 「うわさをする」 (to gossip). There is a kanji form (噂), but it is usually written in hiragana.
AI-generated translation
N1
上滑り
うわすべり
Staying on the surface of a matter without reaching the depth of its content. Used as in 「上滑りな議論」 or 「上滑りな理解」. Critically expresses a state of merely tracing the surface without getting into the essence.
AI-generated translation
N1
上擦る
うわずる
The voice rising higher and becoming unsettled in tone, more than usual, due to tension or excitement. Used as in 「声が上擦る」, expressing a state in which one's voice unnaturally rises in scenes of losing composure.
AI-generated translation
N1
上手
うわて
Being superior to the other party in power or skill. Used as in "一枚上手だ" or "相手のほうが上手だった", referring to the side that stands in a superior position by comparison. The same "上手" read as "じょうず" means being good at something, and read as "かみて" means the upper side of a stage or river; each is a separate word.
AI-generated translation
N1
上塗り
うわぬり
Painting another layer over what has already been painted, or repeating the same blunder or disgrace on top of an existing failure. Used in both the physical sense of layered painting and the metaphorical sense of compounding failures, as in 「塗装の上塗り」 or 「恥の上塗り」.
AI-generated translation
N1
上の空
うわのそら
A state of being so distracted by something else that one cannot concentrate on the conversation or work at hand. Used as in 「上の空で返事をする」 or 「上の空で話を聞く」. An idiom expressing a state in which attention drifts elsewhere and the mind is not present.
AI-generated translation
N3
運
うん
luck. A turn of fate that is beyond a person's control. Example: 「運がいい」 (lucky), 「運が悪い」 (unlucky). There is also the expression 「運を天に任せる」 (to leave things to fate).
AI-generated translation
N1
うんともすんとも
うんともすんとも
A state in which no response comes back to a call or question. Always used in the negative form 「うんともすんとも言わない」, an idiom emphasizing complete unresponsiveness or silence. Also used in situations where a machine has stopped working.
AI-generated translation
N1
うんぬん
うんぬん
Saying this and that about something. Used as in 「能力についてうんぬんする」 in scenes of adding evaluation or criticism. There is also the continuing form 「うんぬんかんぬん」, used in the sense of omitting a quotation. A somewhat formal written expression.
AI-generated translation
N1
鋭意
えいい
An adverb expressing the manner of working diligently on something. Used in expressions like 「鋭意努力する」 or 「鋭意検討中」. Primarily used in work or business contexts, it is a formal expression conveying that one is engaged seriously, frequently appearing in business documents and official notices.
AI-generated translation
N3
永遠
えいえん
eternity. Continuing forever without end. Example: 「永遠の愛」 (eternal love), 「永遠に忘れない」 (to never forget forever).
AI-generated translation
N1
栄華
えいが
A state of flourishing splendidly through power and wealth. Used as in 「栄華を極める」 or 「栄華の時代」. Often refers to temporary prosperity and frequently appears in historical contexts that implicitly suggest the subsequent decline.
AI-generated translation
N1
鋭角
えいかく
An angle smaller than ninety degrees. It also expresses a state of being pointed. Used as in 「鋭角に曲がる」 or 「鋭角的な質問」. Originally a geometric term, but also used metaphorically in the sense of "sharply piercing" in criticism and literary expression.
AI-generated translation
N1
英気
えいき
Means vigor or vitality. 「英気を養う」 is an idiom meaning to build up one's energy through rest. Used widely from everyday conversation to formal writing, it is a fixed expression that frequently appears in contexts of vacation or recuperation.
AI-generated translation
N3
影響
えいきょう
influence. The action of one thing causing a change in another. Example: 「台風の影響で電車が止まる」 (trains stop due to the typhoon's effect), 「親の影響を受ける」 (to be influenced by one's parents).
AI-generated translation
N3
営業
えいぎょう
Conducting a business to make a profit. Example: 「営業時間」 (business hours), 「本日は営業しております」 (open for business today). Also refers to the job of promoting and selling a company's products (営業職, sales work).
AI-generated translation
N2, N3
衛星
えいせい
satellite. A celestial body that orbits a planet. The moon is a satellite of the earth. Also refers to something launched by humans, as in 「人工衛星」 (artificial satellite). Written differently from the homophone 「衛生」 (hygiene).
AI-generated translation
N1
栄達
えいたつ
Advancing in career and obtaining a high position. Used as in 「栄達を遂げる」 or 「栄達の道」 to refer to smooth promotion in officialdom, politics, or corporations. A formal word frequently seen in biographies and life accounts.
AI-generated translation
N1
英断
えいだん
An excellent decision made with resolution. Used as in 「英断を下す」 or 「首相の英断」. A formal word that positively evaluates a wise decision made with courage in a difficult situation. Frequently seen in newspapers and editorials.
AI-generated translation
N1
叡智
えいち
Deep and excellent wisdom. Refers to high-order intelligence built up through humanity and civilization, used as in 「人類の叡智を結集する」 or 「古代の叡智に学ぶ」. A formal written word that expresses not mere knowledge but the ability to see through to the essence of things.
AI-generated translation
N1
英知
えいち
Deep and excellent wisdom. Refers to high-order intelligence built up through humanity and civilization, used as in 「人類の英知を結集する」 or 「古代の英知に学ぶ」. A formal written word that expresses not mere knowledge but the ability to see through to the essence of things.
AI-generated translation
N1
鋭敏
えいびん
A state in which the senses or mental faculties are sharp. Used as in 「鋭敏な感覚」 or 「鋭敏な嗅覚」. A formal word used both for the sharpness of physical senses and for intellectual judgment, with objects including human senses, the human mind, or animal abilities.
AI-generated translation
N3
栄養
えいよう
nutrition. The nourishment a living thing needs to grow and stay healthy. Example: 「栄養がある食べ物」 (nutritious food), 「栄養バランス」 (nutritional balance).
AI-generated translation
N1
鋭利
えいり
A state in which a blade or similar tool is sharp and cuts well. Used as in 「鋭利な刃物」 or 「鋭利な観察眼」. The physical sharpness is basic, but it is also used metaphorically for keenness of observation or analysis. A formal word.
AI-generated translation
N3
笑顔
えがお
smile. A smiling face. Example: 「笑顔で答える」 (to answer with a smile), 「笑顔がたえない」 (smiling constantly). The reading 「えがお」 is a special reading.
AI-generated translation
N3
描く
えがく
To draw a picture or diagram. Example: 「風景を描く」 (to draw a landscape). Also used to mean picturing something in one's mind, as in 「将来の夢を描く」 (to envision a future dream). Also read 「かく」, which often refers specifically to the act of drawing a picture.
AI-generated translation
N1
疫病
えきびょう
An infectious disease that spreads over a wide area. Used as in 「疫病が流行する」 or 「疫病の蔓延を防ぐ」. A somewhat formal expression referring to infectious diseases having great influence on history and society, often replaced today by 「感染症」.
AI-generated translation
N1
得体
えたい
True identity or true form. Mostly used in the form「得体の知れない」, expressing an object whose identity is unknown and feels eerie, as in「得体の知れない人物」「得体の知れない不安」. Rarely used alone; an idiomatic word fixed in the negative form.
AI-generated translation
N1
謁見
えっけん
A formal meeting with a high-ranking person, especially a king or emperor. Used as in「国王に謁見する」「謁見を賜る」. A formal word used in historical contexts or diplomatic ceremony, rarely appearing in everyday conversation.
AI-generated translation
N1
悦に入る
えつにいる
An idiom describing the manner of being satisfied that things have gone well and quietly delighting in it. Used as in「成功を収めて悦に入る」「一人悦に入る」. A somewhat old-fashioned, literary expression used in situations of quietly enjoying one's own achievements.
AI-generated translation
N1
悦楽
えつらく
Immersing oneself in deep joy and pleasure. Used as in 「悦楽にふける」 or 「悦楽の境地」. A formal word that sometimes carries an aesthetic or decadent implication, used in literary works and commentary.
AI-generated translation
N1
会得
えとく
A word meaning to fully understand and master a skill or knowledge. Used in situations of grasping the essence of something after learning and training, as in「コツを会得する」「奥義を会得する」, frequently appearing in contexts of skill acquisition and crafts.
AI-generated translation
N3
得る
える
obtain. To make something one's own through effort or opportunity. Example: 「知識を得る」 (to gain knowledge), 「信頼を得る」 (to earn trust), 「利益を得る」 (to gain profit). A more formal, written word than 「もらう」 or 「取る」.
AI-generated translation
N1
縁
えん
The connection or relationship between people or between things. Used as in 「縁がある」, 「縁を結ぶ」, or 「縁を切る」. A word expressing fate-like connections and human relationships, carrying a Japanese nuance. Used widely from formal written language to everyday conversation.
AI-generated translation
N1
遠因
えんいん
An indirect factor that became a cause of something, not the direct cause. Used as in 「遠因となる」 or 「事件の遠因を探る」. The opposite of 「近因」 or 「直接の原因」, used in formal contexts discussing historical and social backgrounds.
AI-generated translation
N1
演繹
えんえき
A method of thinking that derives specific conclusions from general principles. Used as in「演繹的な推論」「演繹法」. A term in philosophy and logic; the antonym is「帰納」(induction). Used in papers and academic writing.
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.