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ALL LEVELS・N1–N5
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4,256words (N1–N5 total)
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N2
喜劇
きげき
A play with a happy ending, intended to make people laugh. The word with the opposite meaning is 「悲劇」.
AI-generated translation
N1
帰結
きけつ
「帰」 means to return or arrive at, and 「結」 means to tie or to conclude; together they refer to the conclusion finally reached. It refers to the place a matter finally arrives at after debate and processes. Used in expressions like 「論理的帰結」 or 「必然の帰結」. It is a formal word for the conclusion of argument or discussion, frequently appearing in academic papers and criticism.
AI-generated translation
N2
起源
きげん
The origin from which something first arose; the beginning.
AI-generated translation
N2
棄権
きけん
To voluntarily refrain from exercising a right one holds. Used in elections and competitions.
AI-generated translation
N4
危険
きけん
A state of being dangerous. A state where injury or accident might occur. The antonym is 「安全」 (safety).
AI-generated translation
N3〜N5
聞こえる
きこえる
For sound or a voice to reach one's ears. Example: 「うたが聞こえる」 (a song can be heard).
AI-generated translation
N1
気心
きごころ
The disposition and way of thinking that a person inherently has. Used in expressions like 「気心の知れた仲」 or 「気心が知れる」, almost always in combination with 「知れる」, to express that people understand each other's personality and way of thinking well.
AI-generated translation
N1
気骨
きこつ
A strong spirit that does not bend its convictions. Used as「気骨のある人物」, expressing inner strength that yields to no one. The same kanji read as「きぼね」becomes a separate word meaning "hardship・worry."
AI-generated translation
N2
着こなす
きこなす
It refers to wearing clothing skillfully so that it suits oneself. Used in expressions like 「スーツを着こなす」 or 「個性的な服を着こなす」, it is a verb often used when speaking about fashion.
AI-generated translation
N1
兆し
きざし
A small initial sign that something is about to happen. 「兆」 originally referred to the shape of cracks that appeared on a turtle's shell during divination, and from this it came to mean a foretoken of events. Used in expressions like 「春の兆し」 or 「回復の兆し」 to indicate the early signs of something that is about to begin.
AI-generated translation
N1
気質
きしつ
「気」 means temperament, and 「質」 means innate nature; together they refer to one's innate temperament. It refers to the disposition and mental tendency one is born with. A somewhat formal word used in expressions like 「穏やかな気質」 or 「激しい気質の持ち主」. When the same kanji are read 「かたぎ」, as in 「職人気質」 or 「学者気質」, the word refers to the character common to a particular group or occupation.
AI-generated translation
N4
技術
ぎじゅつ
technology. Skill or method for making things or carrying out tasks.
AI-generated translation
N2
気丈
きじょう
It refers to maintaining a strong heart without complaining, even when facing sorrow or difficulty. Used in expressions like 「気丈に振る舞う」 or 「気丈な人」. It is a somewhat formal word used when positively evaluating someone in adverse circumstances.
AI-generated translation
N1
既成
きせい
「既」 means already, and 「成」 means to come into being; together they mean already established. It refers to something that has already taken shape and become rooted in society. Used in expressions like 「既成概念」 or 「既成事実」, in combination with a following noun. It is a formal word used in contrast with what is new, frequently appearing in essays and criticism.
AI-generated translation
N2
規制
きせい
It refers to the government and the like restricting specific acts or activities. Used in expressions like 「規制を設ける」 or 「規制を強化する」. It is a formal word frequently appearing in legal and administrative contexts, with many compound words such as 「規制緩和」 or 「自主規制」.
AI-generated translation
N4
季節
きせつ
season. Each of the four seasons within a year: spring, summer, autumn, winter.
AI-generated translation
N2
偽装
ぎそう
「偽」means to deceive, 「装」means to disguise; together they express disguising through deception. Refers to making something appear as something else in order to deceive. Used in expressions like「身分を偽装する」(to disguise one's identity)、「偽装工作」(camouflage operation). The character「擬装」may also be used, but「偽装」is the common form in modern usage. A formal word frequently appearing in crime reports and political contexts, often implying malicious intent.
AI-generated translation
N2
偽造
ぎぞう
「偽」 means to falsify, and 「造」 means to make; together they mean to make through falsification. It refers to making fake items resembling real ones. Used in expressions like 「偽造紙幣」 or 「偽造書類」. It is a formal word frequently appearing in crime news and legal contexts, clearly referring to an illegal act.
AI-generated translation
N1
帰属
きぞく
It refers to a person or thing belonging to the affiliation or possession of a particular organization or region. Used in expressions like 「○○に帰属する」 or 「帰属意識」. It is a formal word frequently appearing in legal, administrative, and organizational theory contexts.
AI-generated translation
N4
規則
きそく
A rule that everyone must follow. Example: 「学校の規則」 (school rules).
AI-generated translation
N1
擬態
ぎたい
It refers to a living creature making its appearance similar to surrounding objects or other creatures. Used in expressions like 「擬態する」 or 「保護擬態」. It is a formal specialized term frequently appearing in biology contexts, indicating a survival strategy for protecting oneself from enemies.
AI-generated translation
N1
気立て
きだて
「気」 means feeling, and 「立て」 means manner of holding; together they refer to the way one holds one's feelings. It refers to the disposition and character one shows when relating to others. Used in expressions like 「気立てがよい」 or 「気立てがやさしい」, it is a word used in positive personality evaluation.
AI-generated translation
N2, N5
汚い
きたない
dirty. Being dirty. Example: 「汚い手」 (dirty hands). Also used when a room is not tidy. The antonym is 「きれい」 (clean).
AI-generated translation
N1
忌憚
きたん
「忌」 means to be reserved or cautious, and 「憚」 means to hold back; the word combines two synonymous characters. It refers to holding back. It is mostly used in negative forms like 「忌憚のない意見」, as a fixed expression when wanting the other party to speak frankly. It is used in formal situations such as meetings and greetings.
AI-generated translation
N1
基調
きちょう
「基」 means foundation, and 「調」 means tone or rhythm; together they refer to the foundational tone. It refers to the basic tone or direction running through the whole. Used in expressions like 「基調講演」, 「基調を成す」, or 「青を基調とした」. It is a somewhat formal word used in broad fields including color, music, economic trends, and speeches.
AI-generated translation
N2
気遣い
きづかい
「気」 means feeling, and 「遣う」 means to use; together they mean to use one's feelings, that is, to think of others and pay attention to them. Used in expressions like 「お気遣いありがとうございます」 or 「細やかな気遣い」. It is a word expressing polite consideration that smooths human relationships.
AI-generated translation
N1
喫緊
きっきん
「喫」 means to undergo or feel keenly, and 「緊」 means urgent; together they mean to feel urgency keenly upon oneself. It refers to being pressing and important. It is a fixed expression used in forms like 「喫緊の課題」 or 「喫緊の問題」. It is a formal word frequently appearing in political, economic, and administrative documents, referring to matters that must be dealt with immediately.
AI-generated translation
N1
詰問
きつもん
「詰」 means to press in or to corner, and 「問」 means to ask; together they mean to press in and ask. It refers to severely questioning someone in a reproachful manner. Used in expressions like 「詰問する」 or 「詰問を受ける」. Unlike simply asking a question, it is a formal word with a nuance of pressing the other party.
AI-generated translation
N1
既定
きてい
「既」 means already, and 「定」 means to determine; together they mean already determined. It refers to something already decided. Used in expressions like 「既定路線」 or 「既定の方針」, in combination with a following noun. It is a formal word frequently appearing in meetings and administrative documents, indicating that there is no room for change.
AI-generated translation
N2
規定
きてい
An official rule that determines how something is to be done.
AI-generated translation
N2
軌道
きどう
(1) The fixed path along which a celestial body or artificial satellite moves. 「地球の軌道」. (2) The course along which something proceeds smoothly. 「事業が軌道に乗る」.
AI-generated translation
N1
既得
きとく
It refers to having already obtained something as one's own. Used in expressions like 「既得権」 or 「既得権益」, it is used in combination with a following noun, and is a formal word frequently appearing in political and economic contexts.
AI-generated translation
N2
気長
きなが
「気」 means feeling, and 「長」 means long; together they describe maintaining one's feelings in a long, leisurely way. It refers to the disposition of being able to wait calmly without hurrying. Used in expressions like 「気長に待つ」 or 「気長な性格」. It is a word that positively expresses patience, and is the antonym of 「気短」.
AI-generated translation
N4
絹
きぬ
silk. A soft, beautiful thread or cloth made from an insect called a silkworm.
AI-generated translation
N4
記念
きねん
To do something, or something left behind, so as not to forget. Example: 「記念しゃしん」 (a commemorative photo).
AI-generated translation
N2, N5
昨日
きのう
yesterday. The day before today. Also read 「さくじつ」, used in formal situations.
AI-generated translation
N1, N2
気の毒
きのどく
Feeling sympathy for another person's misfortune or suffering. 気の毒に思う (feel sorry for someone). Also used for feeling apologetic about troubling someone (わざわざ来てもらって気の毒なことをした "I felt bad for making them come all this way").
AI-generated translation
N1
気迫
きはく
「気」 means vigor, and 「迫」 means pressing in or pressing momentum; together they refer to vigor that presses upon the other party. It refers to a feeling so strong that it overwhelms others. It is a somewhat formal word for momentum in competitive or performance contexts, as in 「気迫がこもる」 or 「気迫に満ちた演技」.
AI-generated translation
N2
規範
きはん
「規」 means rule, and 「範」 means a model or pattern; together they refer to rules and models that should be followed. It refers to a standard that serves as a model for the conduct and judgment people should follow. Used in expressions like 「社会規範」 or 「行動規範」. It is a formal word frequently appearing in ethical, moral, and legal contexts.
AI-generated translation
N1
忌避
きひ
「忌」 means to abhor, and 「避」 means to avoid; together they mean to avoid out of dislike. Used in expressions like 「責任を忌避する」 or 「裁判官を忌避する」. It is a formal word often used in legal and social-system contexts.
AI-generated translation
N4
厳しい
きびしい
A state where rules or guidance are strict, with no leeway. Also used to mean weather being harshly severe, as in 「厳しいさむさ」 (severe cold).
AI-generated translation
N1
気品
きひん
「気」 means atmosphere, and 「品」 means dignity; together they refer to dignity that naturally emanates. It refers to the elegance that naturally emanates from one's appearance or attitude. It is a somewhat formal word used positively for people, gestures, and artworks, as in 「気品がある」 or 「気品にあふれる」.
AI-generated translation
N2
寄付
きふ
To donate money or goods for public or charitable purposes.
AI-generated translation
N2
気風
きふう
「気」 means temperament, and 「風」 means local atmosphere; together they refer to the temperament and atmosphere unique to a place or group. It refers to the distinctive temperament and atmosphere commonly seen in a group or land. It is a somewhat formal word for speaking about the character of a region or organization, as in 「下町の気風」 or 「自由な気風」.
AI-generated translation
N2
起伏
きふく
(1) The ups and downs of terrain. 「起伏のある地形」. (2) The ups and downs of a matter or of one's emotions. 「感情の起伏が激しい」.
AI-generated translation
N4
気分
きぶん
The current feeling of one's body or mind. Example: 「気分がいい」 (feeling good), 「気分がわるい」 (feeling unwell).
AI-generated translation
N2
気まぐれ
きまぐれ
「気」 means feeling, and 「まぐれ」 means to be unsettled or shaken; together they mean that one's feelings shift and do not settle. It refers to attitudes or actions changing easily according to the mood of the moment. Used in expressions like 「気まぐれな性格」 or 「気まぐれに立ち寄る」. It is an everyday word, used both in mildly negative and mildly positive senses.
AI-generated translation
N2
気まずい
きまずい
It refers to a feeling in which the relationship with the other party becomes awkward and the atmosphere of that place becomes bad. Used in expressions like 「気まずい思いをする」 or 「気まずい雰囲気」, it is a word for friction in human relations.
AI-generated translation
N2
気まま
きまま
「気」 means feeling, and 「まま」 means as one wishes; together they mean to act as one's feelings move. It refers to behaving as one wishes without worrying about those around. Used in expressions like 「気ままな一人旅」 or 「気ままに暮らす」. It is a word with a positive nuance expressing freedom.
AI-generated translation
N4
決まる
きまる
For something to be clearly decided. Example: 「よていが決まる」 (a plan is set). When deciding it oneself, 「決める」 is used.
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.